Manual generator transfer switches get the same result as automatic ones but require the homeowner to manually switch the power supply from the electrical grid to the generator. Though manually switching the power requires an extra step, it should take no more than a minute or two if the transfer switch is properly installed. Manual power switches can either be installed inside or outside depending on their NEMA rating. During an outage, you will need to plug the generator into the inlet box, turn on the manual transfer switch, and then turn on the portable generator.
After a few seconds, the generator should supply the home with power. Depending on the electrical capacity of your portable generator and transfer switch, you may not be able to power all of the devices in your home. Most 5, watt generators can power 6 circuits, while larger generators may be able to power 10 or more circuits. To conserve energy, consider using only more important appliances, such as water heating and air conditioning, while waiting to run the dish washer or dryer until the power outage is over.
Attempting to power too many circuits risks overloading the transfer switch and damaging the generator. Though it is possible to run electrical devices using a portable generator without installing a manual transfer switch, a switch is much safer and more convenient. Running without a switch requires connecting each electrical appliance you want to run to the portable generator with an extension cord.
Not only is this inconvenient and time-consuming, but it may require you to leave open windows or doors, posing a security risk to the home. To top it off, the National Electric Code requires portable generator owners to have a properly-installed transfer switch before using the portable generator. Instead, the power will go back down the line to the generator. This may damage the generator and the appliances connected to it and could even cause a fire or electrocution.
The amperage refers to how much electrical current the transfer switch can safely or accurately handle. This shows how many amps the transfer switch can handle. For example, if the transfer switch can handle a maximum of 50 amps, its size will be listed as 50 amps. To do this, you should match the largest outlet on your generator. If you are unsure how much electrical output you need from your generator, you may want to consult our generator sizing calculator.
This will get you on the right track to buying the ideal generator and transfer switch. Even if you properly match the size of the transfer switch to that of the generator, you should be careful not to overload the system by supplying too much power at once. Some power meters include built-in wattage meters that keep track of what is being powered. In some cases, going without a transfer switch can jeopardize the safety of your family or even workers employed by the electric company.
The main scenario where this becomes a problem is referred to as backfeeding the grid. This surge can cause problems in the line, which may put utility workers at risk. It can also cause fires in your home or business. There are two different types of transfer switches— automatic and manual. As the name suggests, an automatic transfer switch seamlessly routes power from the main source to the backup source when needed. Inside and outside a Russell Electric Amp industrial automatic transfer switch.
Manual switches require a human to flip a small lever and turn them on, hence the name. Permanently installed standby generators can vary between needing a manual or automatic, but the automatic is usually the most convenient option. After all, who wants to really go out in the snow, wind, or rain to turn on a switch to restore power? The price for a transfer switch varies depending on the type of switch and the size of the generator. Most manual switches are less expensive than the automatic ones, for obvious reasons.
However, permanently installed standby generators usually come with their own transfer switches included in the cost of the unit. At that point, the only additional cost you would incur is if you want to upgrade the switch to a better or automatic variety. While you might be tempted to install a transfer switch yourself, it is highly recommended to have a professional electrician do the job for you. The reason is that the switch must be installed on your electrical panel box.
In most cases, you will need a permit to install a transfer switch. While you might be tempted to skip a transfer switch when installing your generator, the truth is that it is almost a mandatory part of owning and using a backup power source. Test data from CR shows that these safety features are likely to save lives.
Never operate a generator indoors. Position a portable generator at least 20 feet from your home with the exhaust directed away from your house, as well as any windows, doors, air conditioners, and other structures.
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