Since the news broke, CBC readers have reached out with questions about Canada's residential school system and its aftermath. Below are answers to some of your questions. Amendments to the Indian Act in authorized the government to remove an Indigenous child from their family if it was felt they were not being properly cared for or educated and place them in a school.
Subsequent amendments to the act in further reinforced compulsory attendance at the schools. Children were removed from their families and culture and forced to learn English, embrace Christianity and adopt the customs of the country's white majority.
The National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation examining residential schools has identified the names of, or information about, more than 4, children who died while attending these schools, most due to malnourishment or disease.
Former senator Murray Sinclair, who chaired the Truth and Reconciliation Commission TRC examining residential schools, has said he believes the death count could be much higher because of the schools' poor burial records. However, this number excludes schools that operated without federal support, such as those run solely by religious orders or provincial governments. Click here to see a larger version of the map of residential school locations. There were residential schools in N. In , at the peak of the residential school system, there were about 80 schools operating in the country.
The Residential School System is a topic that may cause trauma invoked by memories of past abuse. The Government of Canada recognizes the need for safety measures to minimize the risk associated with triggering. A National Residential School Crisis Line has been set up to provide support for former residential school students. You can access information on the website or access emotional and crisis referral services by calling the Hour National Crisis Line: Residential schools for Indigenous children existed in Canada from the 17 th century until the late s.
During the 19 th and 20 th centuries, a formal system for the residential schooling of Indigenous children was established and expanded throughout Canada. Concerted federal government involvement in Residential Schools began in the s. These schools were largely operated by certain churches and religious organizations and administered and funded by the federal government as a key aspect of colonialism.
Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls is formed to investigate systemic social, economic, cultural, institutional, and historical causes that contribute to ongoing violence and mistreatment.
The federal government announces a day school settlement agreement making former students, who were also often subjected to ill treatment, eligible for compensation. Recommends calls for justice directed at governments, social services, institutions, industries, and all Canadians. While the Kamloops discovery has galvanized a will to find and document more lost children and to truly reconcile these past atrocities, the Canadian government is still battling child-welfare and residential school survivors over compensation in court.
Support is available to anyone affected by their experience at residential schools and to those who are triggered by the latest reports. A national Indian Residential School Crisis Line has been set up to provide support to former students and those affected. People can access emotional-support and crisis-referral services by calling the hour national crisis line: Correction: A previous version of this timeline incorrectly identified Sir John A.
Macdonald as prime minister when the Indian Act was passed; in fact, Alexander Mackenzie was prime minister at the time. Indigenous Stories. Comments X. View the discussion thread. The recent discovery of the remains of Indigenous children in a mass grave on the former site of the Kamloops residential school, in British Columbia, has renewed calls for Canada to reckon with its treatment — past and present — of Indigenous people. The government has directly linked the schools with the killings of Indigenous women today, which a public inquiry labelled as genocide.
In his apology to survivors, the prime minister, Justin Trudeau, acknowledged that saying sorry was not enough. The government, having spent 14 years in a legal battle with daytime-only pupils of the schools, has suddenly said it has reached a settlement.
A thorough investigation of the deaths is long overdue. Church and state must now release documents in full , without using privacy concerns as an excuse for mass redaction.
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